Radon Facts

Radon is a radioactive gas

It's naturally occurring and comes from the decay of uranium in the soil.

It is colorless

You can't see radon.

It is odorless

You can't smell radon.

It is tasteless

You can't taste radon.

Second leading cause of lung cancer

After smoking, radon is the second leading cause of lung cancer in the United States.

Occurs naturally

Radon is found naturally in the environment.

Comes from uranium decay

Radon is a product of the decay of uranium in rocks and soil.

Can enter buildings

Radon can move up through the ground and enter buildings through cracks and holes in the foundation.

Not just in homes

While often discussed in the context of homes, radon can be found in schools, workplaces, and public buildings.

Indoor air quality issue

Radon is considered a significant indoor air quality issue.

Varies by region

Radon levels can vary greatly by geographic region due to differences in soil composition.

Can be tested with a kit

Homeowners can use radon testing kits to check levels in their homes.

Professional testing is also available

Homeowners can use radon testing kits to check levels in their homes.

Mitigation systems can reduce levels

If high levels are detected, radon mitigation systems can be installed to reduce levels.

Passive systems

Some homes are built with passive radon reduction systems.

Active systems are more effective

Active radon mitigation systems, which use a fan to vent radon outside, are more effective.

EPA recommends action

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recommends taking action to reduce radon levels if they are 4 pCi/L (picocuries per liter) or higher.

No safe level

The World Health Organization notes that no level of radon exposure is considered completely safe.

Can be found in water

Radon can also be present in groundwater, which may introduce it into homes through well water.

Radon decay products are also harmful

The decay products of radon (often called "radon daughters" or "radon progeny") can attach to dust particles and be inhaled.

Short half-life

Radon has a half-life of about 3.8 days, meaning it decays relatively quickly, but it's constantly being produced.

Outdoor levels are low

Radon levels outside are generally low and not harmful.

Basements and ground floors are riskier

Radon levels are usually highest in basements and ground floors that are in contact with the ground.

Radon zones

The EPA has divided the United States into three radon zones to indicate potential radon levels

Zone 1 has the highest potential

Zone 1 counties have the highest potential for elevated radon levels.

Winter levels can be higher

Radon levels inside a home can be higher during the winter months due to less ventilation.

Radon is not a significant issue outdoors

Its concentration disperses quickly in the outdoor air, posing little risk.

Can accumulate to dangerous levels indoors

Without proper ventilation, radon can accumulate to levels that pose health risks.

Smokers are at higher risk

The risk of lung cancer from radon is much higher for smokers than for nonsmokers.

Children may be more sensitive

There is some evidence to suggest that children may be more sensitive to radon exposure than adults.

Radon was discovered in 1900

Friedrich Ernst Dorn, a German physicist, discovered radon.

Originally called "radium emanation"

Radon was initially known as "radium emanation" because it was observed to be a gas released by radium.

Part of the uranium decay series

Radon is one of the decay products in the long series of decays that occur as uranium decays to lead.

Has several isotopes

Radon has 37 known isotopes, but the most stable and common isotope is Radon-222.

Radon-222 comes from Radium-226

The most common source of radon in the environment is the decay of radium-226.

Health risks from inhalation

The primary health risk from radon comes from inhaling radon gas and its decay products.

Linked to other cancers

Besides lung cancer, some studies have suggested a potential link